REVIEW 1

LESSON 1 : TENSES ( Caùc thì )

1. SIMPLE PRESENT: (HTÑ)

Affir : S+V₁ /V_s, es	Ex : Water boils at 100^o c.
Neg: S+ do/ does + not+ V₁	Ex : Tom doesn’t feel hungry.
Inter: Do/ does+ S + V₁…?	Ex : How often do you go to school?

*(Be):am, is, are not ; (have):has/ have not +got = do / does + not + have

Dieãn taû :  Tình caûm, caûm giaùc, nhaän thöùc ôû hñoäng.

 Thoùi quen, phong tuïc, taäp quaùn.

 Chaân lí, söï thaät hieån nhieân.

Vôùi : EVERY (day, year…), ALWAYS, OFTEN, USUALLY, SOMETIME, SELDOM, RARELY, NEVER, EVER, ONCE / TWICE / THREE TIMES + ( a day/ week/ month…), all the time, now and then . . ..

Notes : Qui taéc theâm es ñoái vôùi ñoäng töø coù S soá ít :

- Caùc ñoäng töø taän cuøng laø : o, sh, ch, x, s, vaø z .

- Caùc ñoäng töø taän cuøng laø y maø ñöùng tröôùc y laø moät phuï aâm ta ñoåi y  i + es

( She studies, Tom tries, He plays . . .).

2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS ( HTTD)

S + am/ is/ are + V_ing	Ex: We are studying English now.
S + am/ is/ are + not + V_ing	Ex: She isn’t writing when he comes.
Am/ Is/ Are + S + V_ing ?	Ex: What are you doing while I am doing?

Dieãn taû :  Hñoäng ñang xaûy ra ôû Htaïi vaøo luùc noùi vieát.

 2 hñoäng ñang keùo daøi // ôû Htaïi (while: trong khi).

 1 hñoäng ñang keùo daøi ôû Htaïi thì coù 1 hñoäng ngaén ñoät ngoät xaûy ra(S+ V₁/ V_{s, es})

Vôùi : AT PRESENT , AT THE MOMENT , NOW, RIGHT NOW, JUST NOW

3. PRESENT PERFECT: (HTHT)

S + has/ have + V₃^ed

Ex: I’ve just opened the door.

Ex: We have studied English for many years.

S + has/ have + not + V₃^ed

Ex: Jack hasn’t come recently.

Has/ Have + S + V₃^ed?

Ex: How long have you studied English?

Dieãn taû:  Hñoäng Qk ko roõ tg.

 Hñoäng vöøa môùi xaûy ra.

 Hñoäng baét ñaàu trong Qk, vaãn coøn tieáp tuïc ôû Htaïi & coù theå tieáp tuïc ôû Tlai.

Vôùi: BEFORE, ALREADY, RECENTLY= LATELY, EVER, NEVER, YET , JUST, TWICE, SEVERAL TIMES, SINCE + moác TG, FOR + khoaûng TG, UP TO NOW=UP TILL NOW=SO FAR…

4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS: (HTHTTD)

S + has/ have + been + V_ing.	Ex: We have been studying English for many years.
S + has/ have + not + been + V_ing.
Has/ Have + S + been + V_ing?

Dieãn taû: - Hñoäng baét ñaàu trong Qkhöù, tieáp tuïc ôû Htaïi & coù theå ñeán Tlai

( nhaán maïnh tính lieân tuïc) - since + moác TG ; for + khoaûng TG.

5. SIMPLE PAST (QKÑ)

S + V₂^ed	Ex: I saw him yesterday.
S + did + not + V₁	Ex: She didn’t come last week.
Did + S + V₁ ?	Ex: Did Mr. Lee phone an hour ago?

*(Be) : was / were  wasn’t, weren’t

Dieãn taû: - Hñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra & chaám döùt hoaøn toaøn trong Qk ( xaùc ñònh roõ TG)

Vôùi: - YESTERDAY, AGO ,LAST (night, week, year…)

6. PAST CONTINUOUS (QKTD)

S + was/ were + Ving	Ex: We were watching TV at 7 pm yesterday.
S + was/ were + not + Ving	Ex:I was writing while my father was reading.
Was / were + S + Ving ?	Ex: She was sleeping as the telephone rang.

Dieãn taû:  Hñoäng xaûy ra ôû 1 giôø / khoaûng giôø Qk xaùc ñònh ( at 7pm, from 6 to 7, …)

 2 hñoäng dieãn ra // ôû Qk. (while: trong khi)

 1 hñoäng Qk ñang keùo daøi thì 1 hñ ngaén ñngoät xaûy ra (S + V₂^ed)

Vôùi: AT THAT TIME, AT THAT MOMENT…

7. PAST PERFECT (QKTD)

S + had + V₃^ed	Ex: Last night I went to bed after I dad done my homework.
S + had + not + V₃^ed
Had + S + V₃^ed?

Dieãn taû: - Hñoäng xaûy ra tröôùc 1 moác TG ôû Qk hoaëc tröôùc 1 hñ Qk

Vôùi : ( tröôùc: S+ had +V₃^ed ; sau: S + V₂)

8. SIMPLE FUTURE (TLÑ)

S + will / shall + V₁	Ex: I’ll buy it tomorrow.
S + will / shall + not + V₁
Will / Shall + S + V₁?

*Note: will not =won’t ; shall not =shan’t.

Dieãn taû:  Hñ seõ xaûy ra trong tlai.

 Lôøi yeâu caàu (Will you + V₁…? ); Ñeà nghò ( Shall I / we + V₁ …?)

Vôùi: TOMORROW, SOON, NEXT (week, month,…)

9. FUTURE PERFECT (TLHT)

S + will / shall + have + V₃^ed .

Ex: We’ll have already finished the work by the time you get back tomorrow.

Dieãn taû:  Hñoäng seõ hoaøn taát trong tlai.

* Notes:

1) Near future: (Tlai gaàn) S + am/ is / are + going to + V₁ : seõ, saép söûa, döï ñònh…

Ex: I’m going to buy it tomorrow.

2)Moät soá ñoäng töø sau ñaây thöôøng khoâng duøng vôùi thì tieáp dieãn

 Be : Ex: I am a student now.

 Nhöõng ñoäng töø chæ veà giaùc quan: see, hear, feel, look (troâng coù veû), smell, taste, recognize.

 Nhöõng ñoäng töø chæ veà caûm xuùc: like, dislike love, hate, want wish, desire, refuse, forgive.

Nhöõng ñoäng töø chæ veà lí trí: understand, know, think, realize, suppose, believe, remember, forget, mind, expect, recollect.
Nhöõng ñoäng töø chæ söï baét ñaàu, tieáp tuïc, keát thuùc: begin, continue, finish…

LESSON 2: PREPOSITIONS ( Giôùi töø)

A. COMMON PREPOSITION:

I. Prep. Of Place:

1. IN: ôû trong ( 1 nôi/ vuøng/ khu vöïc/ quoác gia/ thaønh phoá/ …)

Ex: in the room/ Asia/ Britain/ London/ …

in bed/ newspaper/ magazines/ the world/…

2. ON: ôû treân

Ex: on the table/ the board/ the floor/ …

on TV/ the radio/ telephone/ the way/ the street/ horse back/ …

3. AT : ôû taïi (ñòa ñieåm nhoû).

Ex: at the desk/ the station/ the airport/ 72 Pham Ngu Lao street….

at home/ school/ work…

4. FROM : töø (nôi xuaát phaùt). Ex: Mr. Mac Donald is from Scotland.

5. TO: ñeán (ñích) . Ex: Elizabeth went to the store.

6. BETWEEN : ôû giöõa (2 ngöôøi / vaät). Ex: Mai is sitting between Nam and Nga.

7. AMONG: ôû giöõa , trong soá Ex : The letter is somewhere among these papers.

II. Prep. Of Time

1. IN: 1977( 1890, 2008…)

the summer (winter…)

April (May, August…)

the morning (afternoon, evening…)

time: kòp luùc

an hour - Ex : I will arrive in an hour.

2. ON : holiday

weekend

Monday

15, October

October 15^th 1977

Monday morning

Christmas day

time : ñuùng luùc

fire : ñang chaùy

3. AT: 7 o’clock

night

midnight

noon

(the) weekend

Christmas

the end of

the moment

4. SINCE (+ moác TG): keå töø … Ex: He has studied English since 1900.

5. FOR (+ 1 khoaûng TG) : ñöôïc… Ex: _________________ for 17 years

6. FROM: töø

7. TO : ñeán Ex: I lived in village from 1977 to 1992.

III. Some Other Prep. :

1. By : baèng ,bôûi. Ex: They can enrich the soil by using fertilizers.

* by bus/ car/ train/ plane/ …

 2. On foot: ñi boä

3. For : cho , vì, ñeå (chæ muïc ñích) . Ex: What would you like for breakfast?

Ex: Some people read for pleasure.

4. With : vôùi , baèng. Ex: He went with her.

Ex: I can write better with my own pen.

5. About : veà. Ex: What do you think about her?

6. Of : cuûa. Ex: The window of the living room.

B. PREPOSITIONS FOLLOWING ADJECTIVES:

1. Adj + TO : acceptable, accustomed, agreeable, contrary, harmful, important, kind, likely, lucky, open, pleasant, similar, familiar, helpful, (but: it’s very kind of you.)

2. Adj + IN : interested, rich, successful

3. Adj + OF : afraid, ahead, aware, capable,confident, full, tired, sure, proud

4. Adj + FOR : available, difficult, late, perfect, useful, famous, responsible, sorry (S.O)

5. Adj + FROM : absent, different, safe, far

6. Adj + AT : clever, present, quick, skilful, good, bad, (angry at something/ with someone)

7. Adj + WITH : acquainted, crowed, friendly, popular, busy, bored, pleased, fed up

8. Adj + ABOUT : confused, sad, serious, worried, sorry (S.T)

C. VERB + NOUN ( PHRASE) + PREPOSITION:

1. catch sight of : troâng thaáy

2. give place to : nhöôøng choã cho

3. give way to : nhöôïng boä ,traùnh ñöôøng cho

4. keep pace with : theo kòp, saùnh böôùc

5. lose sight of : maát huùt, khoâng thaáy

6. lose touch with : maát lieân laïc vôùi

7. lose track of : maát daáu veát cuûa

8. make allowance for: chieáu coá ñaëc bieät

9. make fun of : cheá nhaïo

10.make a fuss over/ about

: cuoáng quyùt veà vieäc gì

11. make room for : doïn choã cho

12. make use of : söû duïng

13. pay attention to : chuù yù ñeán

14. put a stop to : laøm döøng laïi

15. put an end to : chaám döùt

16. set fire to : chaâm löûa, ñoát

17. take account of : chuù yù ñeán

18. take advantage of : lôïi duïng

19. take care of : chaêm soùc

20. take note of : chuù yù ñeán

21. take notice of : chuù yù tôùi

D. GO + PREPOSITION:

1. after: ñuoåi theo 7. down: giaûm giaù  up: taêng giaù

2. ahead: ñöôïc tieán haønh 8. on: tieáp tuïc

3. along: tieán trieån 9. off: noå

4. away: ra ñi, rôøi khoûi nôi naøo 10. out: taét

5. back: trôû veà 11. over: xem xeùt kyõ

6. by: troâi qua( thôøi gian)

E. CAÙC TRÖÔØNG HÔÏP KHAÙC

1. belong to : thuoäc veà

2. on the contrary : ngöôïc laïi

3. on the whole : noùi chung

4. be up to = depend on : tuyø thuoäc vaøo

5. listen to : laéng nghe

6. suffer from : bò, chòu

7. free from : giaûi phoùng khoûi

8. write …to : vieát … cho…

9. wait for.. : chôø

10. ask …for.. : hoûi xin

11. look at : nhìn

12. look after : chaêm soùc

13. look up : tra töø ñieån

14. look out : nhìn ra ngoaøi

15. look for : tìm kieám

16. laugh at : cöôøi nhaïo

17. good at : gioûi veà caùi gì

18. good for : toát cho caùi gì

19. prevent… from : ngaên … khoâng cho

20. be in bed : naèm treân giöôøng

21. regard … as : xem nhö

22. be divided into : ñöôïc chia thaønh

23. take part in : tham gia vaøo

LESSON 3: WORD FORM

( Töø Loaïi )

PARTS OF SPEECH:

I. Noun (n)

1) n + V : laøm S cho V

2) V + n : laøm O cho V

3) prep. + n : laøm O cho prep.

4) be (laø) + n : laøm C ( C : complement: boå ngöõ)

5) adj + n

Ex: People can see new film at the cinema.

S O O

He is a scientist.

C

* Notes:

- a, an ,the

- this, that, these, those

- some, any, many, … + n

- my, your, Tom’s, …

II. Adjective (adj.):

1) adj + n

2) adv + adj

3) be (thì, laø ), look coù veû), feel, become, taste (coù muøi), smell ( coù vò), get, grow,remain,

stay, turn, seem, appear, sound, … + adj

Ex: That young girl is very beautiful.

III. Adverb (adv):

1) S + V_i + adv Ex: They arrived safely.

2) S + V_t + O + adv Ex: She did the housework disappointedly.

3) S + V_aux + adv + V_main Ex: He can surely do it

4) adv + adj Ex: He is reasonably right.

5) adv + adv Ex: Jack runs very quickly.

6) S + V + adv Ex: We have bought it at that store recently.

( or: adv + S + V + …. ) (or: Recently we have bought it at that store.)

IV. Verb (v) : V ñöùng sau S.

Caùc hình thöùc  cuûa V coøn ñöôïc duøng ôû nhieàu vò trí khaùc.

Participle: Present participle ( V_ing)

Past participle ( V₃^ed)

1) Used in Continuous tenses ( V_ing)

2) Used in Perfect tenses & Passive voice (V₃^ed)

3) Used as Adj: V_ing  Active meaning

V₃^ed  Passive meaning

Ex: a/ The match excites the fans.

The match is exciting.

The fans are excited.

b/ The children have seen an interesting film.

The children are interested in the film.

B. FORMATION OF N, ADJ, V:

I. V + suffix  n : V + -tion, ation : conservation, preservation, prevention

-ment : development

-er : fertilizer

-ing : poisoning, dirtying

- age : drainage

-0 : safeguard

II. n + suffix  adj :

- ful : harmful, useful, delightful, successful,hopeful, helpful, peaceful

- less : childless, odourless, speechless, restless, careless, harmless, treeless - ly : manly, brotherly, worldly, hourly, yearly, daily.

n + - like : childlike, godlike, lifelike, statesmanlike = adj

- y : dusty, snowy, rainy, sandy, dirty, healthy.

- ish : foolish, selfish, childish

- al : magical, agricultural, industrial, natural.

III. OUT + Vi V_t(toát hôn, nhanh hôn, laâu hôn) :

outnumber, outgrow, outlive, outrun, outweigh

IV. UNDER + n / V  n / V( thaáp hôn, beân döôùi, keùm hôn) :

undergrowth, undercharge

V. OVER + n/ Adj /V  n/ Adj / V ( quaù giôùi haïn, vöôït, quaù nhieàu)

overcoat, overanxious, overact.

C. WORD FORM CHARTS:

1. satisfy (v)

satisfied( past. Part)

satisfying (pres. part)

satisfactory (adj)

satisfactorily (adv)

satisfaction (n)

2. disappoint(v)

disappointed(past. Part)

disappointing(pres. part)

disappointedly(adv)

disappointment(n)

3. tolerate(v)

tolerated( past. Part)

tolerant(adj)

tolerable(adj)

tolerably(adv)

tolerance(n)

4. important (adj)

importance(n)

5. difficult(adj)

difficulty(n)

6. determine (v)

determination (n)

7. tend (v)

tendency(n)

8. occupy (v)

occupied (past. Part)

occupation(n)

occupational (adj)

9. potential (adj) / (n)

10. expect(v)

expected (past. Part)

expecting(pres. part)

expectant(adj)

expectantly(adv)

expectation(n)

11. prefer(v)

preferential(adj)

preferentially(adv)

preference(n)

12. attract(v)

attracted(past. Part)

attractive(adj)

attractively(adv)

attraction(n)

13. reason(v)

reasonable(adj)

reasonably(adv)

reason(n)

14. absorb(v)

absorbed(past. Part)

absorbent(adj) / (n)

absorptive(adj)

absorption(n)

15. deafen(v)

deaf(adj) / (n)

deafness(n)

16. militarize(v)

militaristic(adj)

military(adj) / (n)

militarily(adv)

militarism(n)

LESSON 4 : ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF TIME

( Meänh Ñeà Traïng Töø Chæ Thôøi Gian)

I. PRESENT TENSES IN THE MAIN CLAUSE:

Ex: 1/ a. We always take our umbrellas when it rains.

b. We are singing as she comes.

2/ a. I usually read a newspaper while I am waiting for the bus.

b. I’m writing while they are talking.

3./ He goes home after he has finished his work.

4/ a. She has played the piano since she was five.

I’ve felt much better since I’ve been here.

5/ a. She greets me as soon as she sees me.

b. He continues his journey as soon as he has finished his meal.

Main Clause

(Mñeà chính)

Adverbial Clauses of Time

(Mñeà Traïng töø chæ TG)

1. S + V_{1
/ s / es}

S + AM / IS / ARE + V_ing(ñang…)

WHEN = AS

WHENEVER

S + V_{1
/ s / es}

2. S+ V_{1
/ s / es}

S + AM / IS / ARE + V_ing(ñang…)

WHILE =AS

S + AM / IS / ARE + V_ing (ñang…)

3. S+ V_{1
/ s / es}

AFTER

S + HAS / HAVE + V₃^ed

4. S + HAS / HAVE + V₃^ed

SINCE

S + V₂^ed ÑAÕ CHAÁM DÖÙT

S + HAS / HAVE + V₃^ed Vaãn coøn

5. S + V_{1
/ s / es}

AS SOON AS

UNTILL = TILL

S + V_{1
/ s / es}

S + HAS / HAVE + V₃^ed Hoaøn taát

II. PAST TENSES IN THE MAIN CLAUSE:

EX: 1/ a. I sat near the window whenever I took a bus.

b. It was raining hard when I got there.

2/ a. I met him while I was walking down the street.

b. I was writing while he was reading.

3/ He smoked after he had finished his meal.

4/ He had finished his meal before he smoked.

5/ a. He left as soon as I told him.

b. He left as soon as he had finished his work.

Main Clause (Mñeà chính)	Adverbial Clauses of Time (Mñeà Traïng töø chæ TG)
1. S + V₂ S + WAS / WERE + V_ing(ñang…)	WHEN = AS WHENEVER	S + V₂
2. S + V₂ S + WAS / WERE + V_ing(ñang…)	WHILE =AS	S + WAS / WERE + V_ing(ñang…)
3. S + V₂	AFTER	S + HAD + V₃^ED
4. S + HAD + V₃^ED	BY THE TIME BEFORE	S + V₂
5. S + V₂	AS SOON AS UNTILL = TILL	S + V₂ S + HAD + V₃^EDHoaøn taát

II. FUTURE TENSES IN THE MAIN CLAUSE:

EX: 1/ a. We’ ll go when we want.

b. I’m goint to wait until you have finished your homework.

2/ We will have finished the work by the time you get back tomorrow.

Main Clause (Mñeà chính)

Adverbial Clauses of Time (Mñeà Traïng töø chæ TG)

1. S + WILL / SHALL + V₁

^OR: S + AM / IS / ARE GOING TO + V₁

WHEN =AS

AS SOON AS

UNTILL = TILL

S + V_{1
/ s / es}

S + HAS / HAVE + V₃^edHoaøn taát

2. S + WILL / SHALL + HAVE + V₃^ed

Hoaøn taát

BY THE TIME

BEFORE

S+ V_{1
/ s / es}

Note: Khoâng duøng thì Tlai trong Mñeà Traïng töø chæ TG Duøng caùc thì Htaïi thay theá.

LESSON 5 : MAKING & ANSWERING QUESTIONS

( Döïng & Traû Lôøi Caâu Hoûi)

Types	Questions	Answers
Yes - No	Inter. form?	Yes, S_pron_.+ V_preceding Q. No, S_pron_.+ V_preceding_Q_. + NOT
Or	Inter. form + A or B?	Affir. form + A/B
Wh	Wh + Inter. form?	Affir. form

Ex: 1. Uncle Ho / die / 1969?

- Did Uncle Ho die in 1969?  Yes, he did.

2. Faraday / writer or scientist?

- Was Faraday a writer or a scientist?  He / Faraday was a scientist.

3. When / Tom / go / school?

- When does Tom often go to school?

 He/Tom often goes to school in the morning.

Notes:

When “Wh” is the Subject or Modifies the Subject

 Affir. form is used in the Q.

Ex: a/ Who can swim?

 Nam can swim.

b/ How many students are absent today?

 Two students are absent today.

2. Tag Question:

Ex: The weather is nice , isn’t it ?  Yes, it is.

Commands:

V₁…( Haõy…): List/ Mention/ Name/ Give…  They are / It is …

Ex: Name some English scientists.

 They / Some E. scientists are Newton, Faraday, …

LESSON 6: ACTIVE or PASSIVE VOICE

( Chuû Ñoäng vaø Thuï Ñoäng Caùch)

A: S + V + O

P: S + BE + V₃^ed + by O

(chia thì theo ñoäng töø cuûa caâu Active)

(A : Active P : Passive)

Ex: 1/ A: Tom eats apples every day.

P: Apples are eaten by Tom every day.

2/ A: They saw him in the shop.

P: He was seen in the shop ( by them )

ACTIVE

PASSIVE

V₁/ V_s/es

V₂^ed

A m/ is /are

Was / were

+ V₃^ed

A m/ is /are

+ V_ing

Was / were

A m/ is /are

+ being

Was / were

H as / have

+ V₃^ed

Had

H as / have

+ been

Had

W ill (would)

Shall (should)

Can(could)

May (might)

Must + V₁

Be going to

Be able to

Have to

Ought to

Used to

W ill (would)

Shall (should)

Can(could)

May (might)

Must + be

Be going to

Be able to

Have to

Ought to

Used to

Notes:

A: S + V + O_I+ O_D

P : S + BE + V₃^ed + O_D + by + O

^OR:( S + BE + V₃^ED + for/ to + O_I + by + O)

1/

Ex: A: Lan gave Mary some books.

O_IO_D

P: Mary was given some books by Lan.

^OR:(Some books were given to Mary by Lan.)

2/

A : S + V^+ (THAT) + S + V ….

P: S + BE + V₃^ed + TO + V₁

^OR: IT + BE + V₃^ed + by + O + (THAT) S + V

V^: SAY KNOW THINK

BELIEVE REPORT RUMOUR

TELL CLAIM PROVE

CONSIDER…

Ex : A : They say that they has been ill.

P : He is said to have been ill. (or : It is said that he has been ill.)

LESSON 7: CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

( Caâu Ñieàu Kieän)

Types and Use

(Loaïi vaø Caùch duøng )

If Clause ( Mñeà IF)

Main Clause ( Mñeà chính)

1. Future Possible

 ÑK coù theå xaûy ra ôû HT&TL

V_{1
/s /es}

IF + S + do /does +not + V₁

*BE: am, is ,are

will

S + shall + V₁

can

may

2. Present Unreal:

 ÑK khoâng theå xaûy ra ôû HT&TL

V₂^ed

IF + S + did not + V₁

*BE: were

would

S+ should + V₁

could

might

3. Past Unreal:

 ÑK khoâng theå xaûy ra ôû QK.

IF + S + had + V₃^ed

would

S+ should + have + V₃^ed

could

might

Ex: 1. If it is fine, we will go.

2. I’d fly everywhere if I were a bird.

3. If you had met the president yesterday, what would you have done?

 Sentence Transformation:

A/ UNLESS = IF … NOT

If + Neg. form

= Unless + Affir. form

am /is/ are not

do /does not + V₁

If + S + did not+V₁

were not

had not+ V₃^ed

am /is/ are

V_1/s
/es

= UNLESS + S + V₂^ed

were

had + V₃^ed

Ex: If you didn’t study hard, you’d get bad marks.

= Unless you studied hard, you’d get bad marks.

Note: Neáu caâu vôùi Mñeà IF Kñònh, Mñeà chính ôû theå Pûñònh , ta coù theå chuyeån sang

UNLESS = caùch ñoåi Mñeà chính thaønh theå Kñònh.

Ex: If you are lazy, you can’t be successful

= Unless you are lazy, you can be successful.

B/ CAÙCH VIEÁT CAÂU ÑIEÀU KIEÄN TÖØ TÌNH HUOÁNG

T . HUOÁNG CHO: 1.Coù töø “OR” : vieát ñk loaïi 1

2. H.taïi : loaïi 2

3.Q. khöÙ : loaïi 3

4.Coù töø “SO”: vieát xuoâi S + V SO S + V

 IF + S + V , S + V

5.Coù töø “BECAUSE”: vieát ngöôïc

S + V because S +V

 IF + S + V , S + V

6. Phuû ñònh vieát khaúng ñònh & ngöôïc laïi

Examples: 1. I am not clever, so I won’t be a doctor.

If I were clever, I would be a doctor.

2. John was sick because he ate much cake.

If John hadn’t eaten much cake, he’d not have been sick.

Tröôøng hôïp khaùc :

1.

S+ can /will+ V₁ but S + must/ have to +V₁

IF + S + V₁/V_s,es , S + can/ will + V₁ ( Ñk 1)

Ex: I’ll let you borrow the book but you must promise to return it next week.

 If you promise to return the book next week, I’ll let you borrow it.

2.

V ₁ or S + will /can +V₁

 S + will/ can + V₁ unless you + V₁

Ex: Work hard or you’ll fail the exam.

 You’ll fail the exam unless you work hard.

LESSON 8 : UNREAL WISHES

( Öôùc Muoán Khoâng Theå Xaûy Ra)

could + V₁ : Tình huoáng Htaïi / Tlai , traùi vôùi khaû naêng

S + wish + (that) would / should + V₁ : Tình huoáng Tlai

+ S + V₂ / were; didn’t+ V₁ / weren’t : Tình huoáng Htaïi

If only hadn’t + V₃ : Tình huoáng Qkhöù

Ex: a) I wish I (can fly) could fly.

b) We wish it (be) would be sunny soon.

c) If only we (see) saw a UFO now.

d) He wishes he (meet) had met her yesterday.

 Sentence Transformation:

S+ be sorry

What a pity + ( that) S + V

It is a pity

S + regret + V_ing / S + V

S + do / does not like + V_ing / to v₁

 S + wish + ( that ) + S + V^

a.

^Note:

Theâm S ( neáu thieáu)
Kñònh  Pñònh ( vaø ngöôïc laïi)
Htaïi  Qkhöù;
Qkhöù  Qkhöù hoaøn thaønh

Ex: I’m sorry that I didn’t come yesterday.

 I wish ( that) I had come yesterday.

Ex: Mr. Taylor doesn’t like living in a small house.

 Mr. Taylor wishes he didn’t live in a small house.

S + would like / would love + to V₁ / to have + V₃^ed

 S+ wish + ( that) S + V₂ / S + had + V₃^ed

b.

Ex: I’d like to have met her.

 I wish I had met her.

LESSON 9: GERUND AND INFINITIVE

( Danh Ñoäng Töø & Ñoäng Töø Nguyeân Maãu)

GERUND (V_ing) : ñoùng vai troø V & N cuøng moät luùc.

Vai troø:

S ( Ex: Learning English is easily.)
O - Sau prep. (Ex: We are interested in studying English.)

- Sau moät soá V (Ex: I enjoy swimming.)

3. C (Ex: Conservation is the safeguarding and the preservation of natural

resources.)

Notes: The + V_ing+ of + n ( Ex: The reclaiming of land.)

GERUND OR INFINITIVE :

Caùc ñoäng töø ñöôïc theo sau baèng ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu ( To+V₁)

Theo qui luaät thoâng thöôøng, ñoäng töø naøo ñuùng sau moät ñoäng töø khaùc thì phaûi ôû daïng

nguyeân maãu (TO +V₁)

Ex: a) I would like to speak to Mr. Duran.

b) Mary asked John to help her.

c) My brother wants to become a pharmacist.

d) Every div is expecting her to come.

II. Caùc ñoäng töø & cuïm töø ñöôïc theo sau baèng V_ing :

acknowledge
admit
appreciate
avoid
celebrate
consider
delay =postpone
deny
detest
discontinue
discuss
dislike
endure
enjoy
escape
explain
fancy = imagine
feel like
finish
forgive
include
involve
justify
keep(continue)
mention
mind
miss
practise
prevent
prohibit
propose
quit
recall
report
resent
resist
risk
suggest
support
tolerate
understand
be accustomed to = be used to
be busy
be worth
can’t help
can’t stand
get used to = become accustomed to
look forward to
it’s no good
it’s no use

III. Caùc ñoäng töø ñöôïc theo sau baèng V_ing / To V₁ nhöng khoâng doåi nghóa:

continue 5. begin
dread 6. hate
like 7. love
prefer 8. start

Ex: She started to learn English when she was 5 years old.

 She started learning English when she was 5 years old.

IV. Caùc ñoäng töø ñöôïc theo sau baèng V_ing / To V₁ nhöng doåi nghóa:

1 . FORGET, REGET, To V₁: seõ xaûy ra ( Tlai)

+

REMEMBER V_ing : ñaõõ xaûy ra ( Qkhöù)

Ex: a) Remember to sent John a present. Today is his birthday.

b) I remember meeting you somewhere before but I’m sorry I forget

your name.

2. TRY + To V₁: coá gaéng laøm.

V_ing : thöû laøm.

Ex: a) She tries to pass the entrance exam to the college.

b) Try knocking at the back door if nodiv hears you at the front door.

3. STOP + To V₁: döøng laïi ñeå laøm vieäc gì khaùc.

V_ing : döøng laïi khoâng laøm vieäc gì (ñang laøm) nöõa.

Ex: a) Feeling sleepy, the driver stopped to drink a coffee

b) That old man tried to stop smoking because of his bad cough.

4. NEED + To V₁: caàn phaûi laøm ( yù chuû ñoäng).

V_ing : caàn phaûi ñöôïc laøm ( yù bò ñoäng).

Ex: a) Tom needs to work harder.

b) The grass in front of the house needs cutting.

V. Moät soá tröôøng hôïp khaùc:

1. ADVISE To V₁ Ex: The police allow us to go there

ALLOW +

PERMIT

RECOMMEND V _ing Ex: The police allow going there.

2. FEEL

HEAR + V_o / V_ing ( ñang) Ex: We saw David jog

SEE jogging in the park.

WATCH

HELP

3. MAKE + O + V₁ Ex: Please let me go.

LET

NOTICE

BID

4 . WOULD RATHER + V₁Ex: I’d rather drink tea than coffee.

HAD BETTER ( not ) You’d better not go out.

LESSON10 : CLAUSES & PHRASES

OF CAUSES & EFFECTS

(Meänh Ñeà Vaø Cuïm Töø Chæ Nguyeân Nhaân Vaø Keát Quaû)

S + be / V_ord + SO + adj / adv + THAT + S + V

( quaù… ñeán noåi…)

1.

Ex: The tea is so hot that I can’t drink it.

He drove so badly that he couldn’t pass the driving test.

S + V + SUCH + (a/ an) + adj + n + THAT + S + V…

( quaù… ñeán noåi…)

2.

Ex: It is such hot tea that I can’t drink.

He was such a bad driver that he couldn’t pass the driving test.

3.

S + be / V _ord + TOO + adj/adv + (for +O) + TO + V₁ (+ O)*

( quaù.. neân khoâng theå…)

* Boû ‘for O’ khi O naøy = S hoaëc chæ chung chung.

* Boû O cuûa ‘to V’ khi O naøy = S

Ex: The tea is too hot for me to drink.

He drove too badly to pass the driving test.

4/

be +adj

S + ________ + enough + (for +O) + To V₁ ( + O )

V _ord + adv

(ñuû… ñeå…)

Ex: The tea is not warm enough for me to drink.

He didn’t drive well enough to pass the driving test.

 Sentence Transformation:

a/	S(n) + be + SO + adj + THAT… It /This /That  + be + SUCH + (a/ an) +adj + n + THAT… He/ She/ They

Ex: The tea is so hot that I can’t drink it.

 It is such hot tea that I can’t drink it.

b/	S + V_ord + SO + adv + THAT …  S + be + SUCH + (a/an) + adj + n + THAT…

Ex: He drove so badly that he couldn’t pass the driving test.

 He was such a bad driver that __________________________.

c/	S + V + SO + adj / adv + THAT + S + V + (O )* S + V + TOO + adj/adv + (for +O) + TO + V₁ (+ O)*

* Boû ‘for O’ khi O naøy = S hoaëc chæ chung chung.

* Boû O cuûa ‘To V’ khi O naøy = S

Ex: a) The tea is so hot that I can’t drink.

 The tea is too hot for me to drink.

b) He drove so badly that he couldn’t pass the driving test.

 He drove too badly to pass the driving test.

d/	…TOO + adj / adv …   … NOT + adj /adv + ENOUGH…

Ex: The tea is too hot for me to drink.

 The tea is not warm enough for me to drink.

LESSON 11 : RELATIVE CLAUSES

( Meänh Ñeà Quan Heä)

Relative Pronouns & Adverbs:

Functions Antecedents	Subject	Object	Poss.	Adv
Things	Which	Which	Whose + n (of which)
People	Who	Whom	Whose + n
Place				Where
Time				When
Reason				Why

Notes: *Where = prep + n_place

*When = prep + n_time

*Why = for + the reason

*‘THAT’ thay theá cho “WHO, WHOM, WHICH” trong meänh ñeà coù giôùi

haïn (khoâng ñöùng sau daáu phaåy, prep).

*Duøng 1 hoaëc 2 daáu phaåy taùch meänh ñeà quan heä ra khoûi meänh ñeà chính

khi tieàn danh töø laø:

- Danh töø rieâng

- Danh töø ñöôïc boå nghóa = THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE

- Danh töø ñöôïc boå nghóa = sôû höõu (MY, YOUR, …,TOM’S HOUSE,…)

- Danh töø ñöôïc boå nghóa = 1 nhoùm töø ( EX: The man from Hanoi,…)

Ex: They wanted to see my manager, who was away.

Relative Clauses:

Rel. Cl.

Ant.

Relative clause

Relative pronoun / adverb

The other parts

Things

+ which / that

+ V ( + O)

+ S + V

People

+ who / that

+ whom /that

+ V( + O)

+ S + V

People/ things

+ whose

V ( + O)

+ n +

S + V

Place

Time

Reason

+ where

+ when

+ why

+ S + V (+ O)

Ex: a/ Could you iron the trousers? They’re hanging up behind the door.

 Could you iron the trousers which/that are hanging up behind the door?

b/ She showed me the radio. She had bought it

 She showed me the radio which/ that She had bought.

c/ I don’t like the people. People lose their temper easily.

 I don’t like the people who /that lose their temper easily.

d/ The man works here. I saw him yesterday.

 The man whom/ that I saw yesterday works here.

e/ The house is very large. Its door is green.

 The house whose door is green is very large.

f/ Have you seen the girl? I’m keeping her bicycle.

 Have you seen the girl whose bicycle I’m keeping?

g/ Vietnam is beautiful. We live in vietnam.

Vietnam, where we live, is beautiful.

LESSON 12: REPORTED SPEECH

(Caâu Töôøng Thuaät)

1 .Meänh Leänh &ø Yeâu Caàu: V₁… Haõy – Meänh leänh khaúng ñònh

Don’t + V₁ … Ñöøng - Meänh leänh phuû ñònh

TOLD

S + + O +

ASKED

To + V₁ (MLKÑ)

Ex: He said to us, “ Keep silent here, please.”

 He told us to keep silent there.

Not to + V₁ (MLPÑ)

Ex: “Don’t laugh at me” said Mary.

 Mary asked me not to laugh at her.

2. Phaùt bieåu: S + V (chia roài) …

TOLD + O

S + (THAT) + S +V (luøi thì)

SAID

Ex₁: They said to us, “These are snakes.”

 They told us (that) those were snakes.

Ex₂: “I came at 8 o’clock,” he said.

 He said (that) he had come at 8 o’clock.

3. Caâu hoûi:

a/ WH_ Questions: “WH + V + S… ?”

b/ YES _ NO Questions: “ V + S … ?”

asked + (O) S + wanted to know wondered	+ WH	S + V (luøi thì)

	+ IF / WHETHER

Ex₁: The stranger said, “ Where is Tra Vinh town school?”

 The stranger asked where Tra Vinh town school was.

Ex₂: “ Did you see him?” she said to me.

 She asked me if / whether I had seen him.

Notes:

1. Change of Adverbs of Time & Place:

Direct speech	Reported speech	Direct speech	Reported speech
1. here	1. there	6. tonight	6. that night
2. this	2. that	7. yesterday	7. the previous day, the day before
3. these	3. those	8. ago	8. before
4. now	4. then	9. tomorrow	9. the following day, the next day
5. today	5. that day	10. next (week….)	10. the following (week…)

2. Change of Pronoun & Poss. Adj:

Per.	Subj.	Obj.	Poss. Adj.	Poss. Pro.
1	I	Me	My	Mine
1	We	Us	Our	Ours
2	You	You	Your	Yours
3	They	Them	Their	Theirs
3	He	Him	His	His
	She	Her	Her	Hers
	It	It	Its	its

S + V + O, “ person 1…………………… person 2”

(chuùng) toâi (caùc)baïn

Changes of Tenses:

Direct Speech

Reported Speech

Notes:

1/ Khi töø ‘WH’ laøm S hoaëc boå nghóa cho S O ñoåi theå.

Ex: “Who has broken this vase?” said my father.

 My father asked who had broken that vase.

2/ Khi caâu tröïc tieáp dieãn taû 1 chaân lí, söï thaät hieån nhieân  O ñoåi thì.

Ex: Our teacher said, “The sun rises in the East.”

 Our teacher said that the sun rises in the east.

3/ Khi ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät ôû thì Htaïi or Tlai O ñoåi thì,

khoâng ñoåi thôøi gian & nôi choán, chæ ñoåi ngoâi.

Ex: He says, “I’m hurry now.”

 He says that he is hungry now.

4/	S + should / had better + (not) V₁
	 S + advised + O + (not) To V₁

Ex: You should eat a lot of fresh fruit.

 He advised me to eat a lot of fresh fruit.

Taát caû caùc hình thöùc khi ñoåi sang caâu töôøng thuaät phaûi ñoåi ngoâi : Ngoâi 1  ñoåi theo ngöôøi noùi (S)

Ngoâi 2  ñoåi theo ngöôøi nghe (O)

Ngoâi 3  giöõ nguyeân

V₁ / V_s/es

V₂^ed

a m

is +V_ing

are

w as

+V_ing

were

has / have + V₃^ed

V₂^ed

had + V₃^ed

was / were + V_ing

had been + V_ing

will

shall

can +V₁

may

must

would

should

could +V₁

might

had to

LESSON 13 : CLAUSES OF PURPOSE

(Meänh Ñeà Chæ Muïc Ñích)

SO THAT can/could

S + V + _______________ + S + will/ would + V₁

IN ORDER THAT shall/ should

…ñeå maø… may/ might

Ex: a) We study hard. We want to pass the exam.

 We study hard so that we can pass the exam.

b) I helped Nam. I wanted him to finish the work on time.

 I helped Nam in order that he could finish the work on time.

Notes: Phrase of Purpose

to

S + V + in order to + V₁

so as to

in order for + O +TO

… ñeÅ…

Ex: We study hard to pass the exam.

 I helped Nam in order for him to finish the work on time.

LESSON 14 : COMPARISONS

( So Saùnh)

Types	Models
1/ Equal Degree (So saùnh baèng)	AS + adj / adv + AS (baèng, nhö)
1/ Equal Degree (So saùnh baèng)	NOT AS/SO + adj. / adv + AS (khoâng baèng, khoâng nhö)
2/Comparitive Degree (So saùnh hôn)	adj. / adv_(ngaén)+ ER + THAN
2/Comparitive Degree (So saùnh hôn)	MORE + adj. / adv_(daøi) + THAN
3/ Superlative Degree (So saùnh nhaát)	THE + adj. / adv_(ngaén)+ EST
3/ Superlative Degree (So saùnh nhaát)	THE MOST + adj. / adv_(daøi)

Examples:

1/ a) You are as tall as I am. (=me)

b) John doesn’t work as/so effectively as Tom (does)

2/ a) The letter will probably arrive sooner than you expect.

b) Mr. Smith can drive more carefully than his wife (can).

3/ a) She works (the) hardest of anyone in the class.

b) That’s the most beautiful girl I’ve ever seen.

Notes:

1/ Short Adj. / Adv (ngaén):

- 1 vaàn

Ex: tall, soon. Small…

- 2 vaàn taän cuøng = -y,-er, -le,-ow, -et,

Ex: happy, clever, simple,… early.

2/ Long Adj. /Adv (daøi):

- 2 vaàn trôû leân, tröø caùc tröôøng hôïp treân

Ex: modern, carefully, comfortable…

- 2 vaàn taän cuøng = -ly

Ex: quickly, loudly…

3/ So Saùnh Nhaát : Duøng cho 3 ñoái töôïng trôû leân.

4/ Khi theâm “-er ; -est”

large larger largest

big bigger biggest

dry drier driest

5/ So Saùnh Baát Qui Taéc:

good / well better best

bad / badly worse worst

many/much more most

little less least

far farther/further farthest/furthest

 Sentence Transformation:

1/	adj. / adv + ER A + V + _______________ + THAN + B MORE + adj. /adv  B + V not + SO / AS + adj. /adv … AS + A adj. / adv(phaûn nghóa) + ER  B + V + ___________________________ + THAN + A MORE + adj. /adv(phaûn nghóa)

Ex: Betty is younger than Susan.

 Susan is not so young as Betty.

( Susan is older than Betty.)

2/	adj. + ER A + be + a(an) + ___________ + n + THAN + B MORE + adj.  B + V not + SO /AS + adv + AS + A

Ex: He is a more careful driver than I am.

I don’t drive so carefully as he does.

(=as him)

3/	S + has/have + never/not + V₃+ such + a(an) + adj. + n (before) adj. + est This is the + ___________ + n + (that) + S + has/have + (ever) V₃ most + adj.

Ex: He has never watched such an exciting match before.

 This is the most exciting match he’s ever watched.

4/	adj. + er No one / Nodiv + place + be + _________ + than + A more + adj. adj. + est  A + be + the + __________ + place most + adj

Ex: No one in the village is stronger than Tom.

 Tom is the strongest in the village.

LESSON 15 : SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION

( Bieán ñoåi caâu)

1/	1 khoaûng TG + ago. S + started /began + V_ing / to V₁… + (prep.+) moác TG V₃for + khoaûng TG  S + has / have + + been +V_ingsince + moác TG

Ex: We started studying English half an hour ago.

 We’ve been studying English for half an hour.

2a/	1 khoaûng TG + ago. The last time + S + V₂ + … was + (prep.+) moác TG for + khoaûng TG  S + has / have not + V₃…..+ since + moác TG

Ex: The last time she had a swim was five years ago.

 She has not had a swim for five years.

2b/	S + last + V₂ + … when S + V₂  S + has / have not + V₃….. + since + S + V₂

Ex: I last went to the football match when I was a student.

 I haven’t gone to the football match since I was a student.

3/	S + has / have not + V₃…..+ for + 01 khoaûng TG  It + is + 1 khoaûng TG + since + S + V₂

Ex: She hasn’t had a swim for five years.

 It is five years since she had a swim.

4/	S + has /have + never/not + V ₃ … (+before)  This / it is the first time + (that) + S + has /have + ever + V ₃…

Ex: I’ve never visited Paris before.

 This is the first time (that) I’ve (ever) visited Paris.

5/	S + V₂ … and then (S) + V₂  After + S + had + V₃ … , S + V₂ …

Ex: I had breakfast and then went to school.

 After I had had breakfast, I went to school.

6/ The formal subject “IT”:

V_ing/ To V₁ … + be + adj. /n (+for O)

 IT + be + adj. / n (+for O) + To V₁…

Ex: Knowing English is useful.

 It is useful to know English.

7/ The formal object “IT”:

V_ing/ To V₁ … + be + adj. /n

 S + V* + IT + adj. / n + to V₁…

V* : find, make, think. consider, believe, feel,…

Ex: Living in the city is exciting.

 Some people find it exciting to live in the city.

8/	be accustomed to = be used to + V _ing become accustomed to = get used to

Ex: We often go to school by bus.

We are used to going to school by bus.

9/	used to + V ₁

Ex: My grandfather often played tennis when he was young.

 My grandfather used to play tennis when he was young.

10/	S + spend(s) / spent + time + V _ing  It + takes / took (+ O) + time + To V₁

Ex: We spent five hours getting to London.

It took us five hours to get to London.

11/	can S + ____ not + V₁ … because of + n could prevent(s) / stop(s)  S + _________________ + O + from + V_ing prevented / stopped

Ex: We can’t drive because of fog.

The fog prevents us from driving.

12/ Inversion: Ñaûo ngöõ

Adv* + V + S …

Adv*: No longer, Never, Rarely, Seldom, Only, No sooner, Hardly ….

Ex: She no longer gets up early.

 No longer does she get up early.

13/	Who + do /does + S + belong to?  Who own(s) …….?  Whose + V + S … ?  Whose + n + V + S …. ?

Ex: Who does this bicycle belong to?

 Who owns this bicycle?

 Whose is this bicycle?

 Whose bicycle is this?

14/ Causative Form:

O (Ngöôøi) +V₁ ( Chuû ñoäng)

S + have / get +

O (vaät) + V₃(bò ñoäng)

nhôø ai ñoù laøm vieäc gì

Ex: a) Tom is going to repair my T.V tomorrow.

 I am going to have Tom repair my T.V tomorrow.

 I am going to have my T.V repaired by Tom tomorrow.

b) He’s getting someone to mend the window.

 He’s having the window mended.

15/	Because + S + V  Because of + n / V_ing

Example:

a) Because she walked in the sun, she was sick.

 Because of walking in the sun, she was sick.

b) Because the weather was bad,the train was delayed for twenty minutes.

 Because of the bad weather, the train was delayed for twenty minutes.

b ) Because the + n + be + adj

 Because of the + adj + n

c) Because he is ill, he can’t go there.

 Because of his illness, he can’t go there.

c ) Because S + be + adj

 Because of poss. adj + n

d) Because she behaves well, everydiv loves her.

 Because of her good behavior, everydiv loves her.

d ) Because S + V*_ord_. + adv

 Because of Poss. Adj + adj + n

V* : develop, invent, liberate, discover, behave, rain…

(n) : development, invention, liberation, discovery, behavior, rain, …..

e) Because there was the August Revolution, Vietnam was freed from colonialism and feudalism.

 Because of the August Revolution, Vietnam was freed from colonialism and feudalism.

e) Because + there + be + n…

 Because of + n…

16/	Although / Though + S + V  In spite of / Despite + n /V_ing….

Ex: Although he is rich, he is extremely mean.

 In spite of his richness, he is extremely mean.

17. Styles:

Using N

Using V

There + be a determination
There + be a tendency
show a desire
give thought to
have knowledge of

 S + be determined

 S + tend

 desire

 think about/of

 know about

Ex: There is a determination to overcome problems.

 Children are determined to overcome problems.

LESSON 16 : SUBJECT AND VERB CONCORD

(Söï Hoøa Hôïp Giöõa Chuû Töø Vaø Ñoäng Töø)

*Special Cases:

1/	prep n / pron + __________ + n / pron + V as well as

Ex: The teacher with his students is in the classroom.

2/	N / Pron + or / nor + N / Pron + V

Ex: Either he or you are the translator.

3/	Each ______ (of) + n / pron + V _sing Every

Ex: Each of us has books and pens.

4/	Everydiv Somediv Anydiv = Everyone = Anyone = no one + V_sing Everything Something Anything Ex: Everyone knows him.

5. None of + N/pron + V Ex : None of the students have good mark.

None of the student has good mark.

6. A number of + N + V_plural Ex : A number of students are absent from class today.

The number of + N + V_singularThis year, the number of accidents has risen.

7. S_{(thôøi
gian, tieàn, khoaûng caùch, troïng löôïng)} + V_singularEx : Twenty dollars is too much for that shirt.

8. S(V_ing/To V) + V_singularEx : Smoking is bad for health.

To live is to struggle ( Soáng laø tranh ñaáu )

9. There + Be + N Ex : There is some sugar in the jar.

There are some books on the self.

10. Phaàn traêm/phaân soá + of + N_{khoâng
ñeám ñöôïc} + V_singular

Ex : Sixty percent of waste paper is recycled.

Phaàn traêm/phaân soá + of + N_plural + V_plural

Ex : Half of the students in this school come from the country.

LESSON 17 : EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

(Nhöõng Cuïm Töø Chæ Soá Löôïng)

I. Expressions of quantity:

1) with plural, countable nouns:

MOST

A LARGE NUMBER OF

MANY books are useful.

A LOT OF / LOTS OF

SOME

(A) FEW

2) With uncountable nouns:

MOST

A GREAT DEAL OF

MUCH sugar is sold.

A LOT OF / LOTS OF

SOME

(A) LITTLE

3) With verbs:

A GREAT DEAL OF

They know MUCH about English literature.

A LOT

(A) LITTLE

* Notes:

1 . most them / us / ….

many + OF + the / this / that /these / those

(a) few my / your /…. /Tom’s/ ….

(a) little

2. Many / Much thöôøng duøng :

in neg. & inter. Form Ex: He can’t drink much.
after TOO, SO, AS ,VERY Ex: There are too many night club here.

3. A little, a few  some : positive Ex : Would you like a little tea?

Little , few  o : negative Ex : He’s a man of few words.

II. HOW MUCH, HOW MANY Questions :

1)

How many + pl. Count. Noun + inter. form?

Ex: how many students are there in your class?

2)

How much + uncount. noun + inter. form?

Ex: how much time does jane spend studying?

3)

How much + inter. form?

Ex: how much did he drink last night?

Notes: how many / how much + S + affir. form?

Ex: How many English tourists have visited TV?

Irregular verbs

be:am/is/are	Was/were,	Been	Laø,thì,ôû,bò,ñöôïc
beat	Beat	Beaten	Ñaùnh
become	Became	Become	Trôû neân
begin	Began	Begun	Baét ñaàu
bind	Bound	Bound	Troùi,buoäc,baùm
bite	Bit	Bitten	Caén
blow	Blew	Blown	Thoåi
break	Broke	Broken	Laøm gaõy,laøm vôõ
bring	Brought	Brought	Mang laïi
build	Built	Built	Xaây döïng
buy	Bought	Bought	Mua
catch	Caught	Caught	Baét
choose	Chose	Chosen	Choïn löïa
come	Came	Come	Ñeán
cost	Cost	Cost	Trò giaù
cut	Cut	Cut	Chaët, caét
do	Did	Done	Laøm
draw	Drew	Drawn	Veõ
drink	Drank	Drunk	Uoáng
drive	Drove	Driven	Laùi xe
eat	Ate	Eaten	AÊn
fall	Fell	Fallen	Rôi,teù
feed	Fed	Fed	Cho aên
feel	Felt	Felt	Caûm thaáy
fight	Fought	Fought	Chieán ñaáu
find	Found	Found	Tìm thaáy
fly	Flew	Flown	Bay
forbid	Forbad(e)	Forbidden	Caám
forget	Forgot	Forgetten	Queân
freeze	Froze	Frozen	Ñoâng laïnh
get	Got	Got/gotten	Bò,ñöôïc,trôû neân
give	Gave	Given	Cho
go	Went	Gone	Ñi
grow	Grew	Grown	Troàng,moïc,phaùt trieån
hang	Hung	Hung	Treo,maéc
have	Had	Had	Coù
hear	Heard	Heard	Nghe
hide	Hid	Hidden	Che giaáu,aån naáp
hit	Hit	Hit	Ñuïng,ñaùnh
hold	Held	Held	Caàm,naém,giöõ
hurt	Hurt	Hurt	Laøm ñau
keep	Kept	Kept	Giöõ
know	Knew	Known	Bieát
lay	Laid	Laid	Ñaët,ñeå
lead	Led	Led	Daãn,daét
leave	Left	Left	Rôøi khoûi,ñeå laïi
lend	Lent	Lent	Cho möôïn
let	Let	Let	Ñeå cho
lie	Lay	Lain	Naèm
lose	Lost	Lost	Maát,thua,loã
make	Made	Made	Laøm,cheá taïo
meet	Met	Met	Gaëp
overcome	Overcame	Overcome	Khaéc phuïc,vöôït qua
pay	Paid	Paid	Traû tieàn
put	Put	Put	Ñaët,ñeå
read	Read	Read	Ñoïc
ride	Rode	Ridden	Cöûi(ngöïa,xe ñaïp)
ring	Rang	Rung	Rung(chuoâng)
rise	Rose	Risen	Moïc
run	Ran	Run	Chaïy
say	Said	Said	Noùi
see	Saw	Seen	Thaáy
seek	Sought	Sought	Tìm ñeán
sell	Sold	Sold	Baùn
send	Sent	Sent	Göûi
shake	Shook	Shaken	Rung,laéc
shine	Shone	Shone	Chieáu saùng
shoot	Shot	Shot	Baén
show	Showed	Shown	Chæ,cho xem
sing	Sang	Sung	Haùt
sleep	Slept	Slept	Nguû
speak	Spoke	Spoken	Noùi
sit	Sat	Sat	Ngoài
spend	Spent	Spent	Traõi qua,tieâu xaøi
stand	Stood	Stood	Ñöùng
steal	Stole	Stolen	AÊn caép
strike	Struke	Struke	Ñaùnh
swim	Swam	Swum	Bôi
swing	Swung	Swung	Ñung ñöa,luùc laéc
take	Took	Taken	Laáy,ñöa,daãn
teach	Taught	Taught	Daïy
tear	Tore	Torn	Xeù
tell	Told	Told	Keå,baûo
think	Thought	Thought	Suy nghó
throw	Threw	Thrown	Neùm,lieäng
understand	Understood	Understood	Hieåu
wake	Woke	Woken	Thöùc giaác
wear	Wore	Worn	Maëc,mang,ñoäi
win	Won	Won	Thaéng,ñoaït
write	Wrote	Written	vieát

Hỏi đáp

MÔN HỌC

ENGLISH GRAMMAR 10

Nội dung tài liệu

Các tài liệu liên quan

Có thể bạn quan tâm

Thông tin tài liệu

B. PREPOSITIONS FOLLOWING ADJECTIVES:

PARTS OF SPEECH:

I. Noun (n)

Adverbial Clauses of Time

(Mñeà Traïng töø chæ TG)

Adverbial Clauses of Time (Mñeà Traïng töø chæ TG)

Adverbial Clauses of Time (Mñeà Traïng töø chæ TG)

LESSON 9: GERUND AND INFINITIVE

GERUND OR INFINITIVE :

Direct speech

Direct Speech

V₂^ed

LESSON 14 : COMPARISONS

A + V + _______________ + THAN + B

adj. / adv(phaûn nghóa) + ER

 B + V + ___________________________ + THAN + A

LESSON 16 : SUBJECT AND VERB CONCORD

LESSON 17 : EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

ENGLISH GRAMMAR 10

Nội dung tài liệu

Các tài liệu liên quan

Có thể bạn quan tâm

Thông tin tài liệu

B. PREPOSITIONS FOLLOWING ADJECTIVES:

PARTS OF SPEECH:

I. Noun (n)

Adverbial Clauses of Time

(Mñeà Traïng töø chæ TG)

Adverbial Clauses of Time (Mñeà Traïng töø chæ TG)

Adverbial Clauses of Time (Mñeà Traïng töø chæ TG)

LESSON 9: GERUND AND INFINITIVE

GERUND OR INFINITIVE :

Direct speech

Direct Speech

V2ed

LESSON 14 : COMPARISONS

A + V + _______________ + THAN + B

adj. / adv(phaûn nghóa) + ER

 B + V + ___________________________ + THAN + A

LESSON 16 : SUBJECT AND VERB CONCORD

LESSON 17 : EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

V₂^ed