Big 4 lớp 8 tập 2

i

Lời nói đầu
Bộ sách Big 4 - Bộ đề Tự kiểm tra 4 kỹ năng NGHE - NÓI - ĐỌC – VIẾT
được biên soạn nhằm giúp các em học sinh trung học cơ sở được củng cố và phát
triển toàn diện các kỹ năng nghe, nói, đọc, viết tiếng Anh.
Đội ngũ tác giá của Megabook đã biên soạn bộ 8 cuốn sách từ lớp 6 đến lớp 9
theo chuẩn khung chương trình mới của Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo thích hợp với các
em học sinh muốn trau dồi tổng hợp kiến thức tiếng Anh. Nội dung của bộ sách gồm
hệ thống bài tập luyện 4 kỹ năng cơ bản giúp các em ôn tập kiến thức trên lớp và bài
tập mở rộng nâng cao để các em rèn luyện và làm quen với các kì kiểm tra đánh giá.
Bộ sách Big 4 - Bộ đề Tự kiểm tra 4 kỹ năng NGHE - NÓI - ĐỌC – VIẾT
được đánh giá là nguồn tư liệu hữu ích cho giáo viên, phụ huynh và các em học sinh
bên cạnh bộ sách giáo khoa cơ bản. Một điểm đặc biệt của bộ sách đó là tính hiện
đại và sự tiện dụng khi các em không cần sử dụng CD để có được bài nghe. Bộ sách
được tích hợp mã QR và mã code giúp các em dễ dàng có được file nghe chỉ với một
chiếc smartphone.
Các em học sinh sẽ cảm thấy tự tin với khả năng ngôn ngữ của mình khi ôn
luyện tiếng Anh bởi các bài tập về 4 kỹ năng được liên kết với nhau theo logic bài
học. Bộ sách là sự đầu tư kỹ lưỡng của đội ngũ tác giả và biên tập của Megabook
nhằm nâng cao 4 kỹ năng nghe, nói, đọc, viết làm tăng thêm sự tự tin của các em
học sinh với khả năng tiếng Anh của bản thân.

pp

Unit

7

Pollution

A. PHONETICS
I Find the word which has a different sound in the underlined part.
1. A. measure

B. leather

C. algea

D. feather

2. A. treatment

B. earplug

C. hearing

D. fear

3. A. poison

B. visual

C. measure

D. pleasure

4. A. thermal

B. litter

C. permanent

D. service

5. A. affect

B. cholera

C. pollutant

D. radiation

II Find the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. repetitive

B. electrical

C. priority

D. energetic

2. A. national

B. physical

C. arrival

D. natural

3. A. medical

B. national

C. chemical

D. informal

4. A. dramatic

B. tornado

C. historic

D. injury

5. A. aquatic

B. problematic

C. influential

D. degradable

B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
III Now match type of pollution and its definition.
1. air pollution

A. a result of using radioactive elements from atomic energy
stations.

2. water pollution

B. a consequence of the excess dumping of toxic waste.

3. land pollution

C. a contamination of natural air with dangerous gases.

4. sound pollution

D. a consequence of releasing excess heat from power plants,
industries involved in metals molding, etc.

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5. radiation pollution E. a consequence of the excessive and inappropriate use of
artificial light.
6. thermal pollution

F. a disturbance of silent environment with harsh loud noises.

7. light pollution

G. a contamination of both drinking water from rivers, ponds
and also sea water with large amounts of human and
industrial wastes.

IV Below are the verbs to go with “pollution”. Put those words which have similar
meanings into the 4 main groups as suggested below.
cut

prevent

fight

cause

combat

result in

avoid

control

limit

reduce

lead to

tackle

minimize

cause

avoid

limit

control

…………………....
…………………....
…………………....

…………………....
…………………....
…………………....

…………………....
…………………....
…………………....

…………………....
…………………....
…………………....

V Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D).
1. ………….. loss can be caused by noise pollution.
A. sound

B. hearing

C. listening

D. audio

2. Ships spill oil in oceans and rivers. This leads ………….. the death of many aquatic
animals and plants.
A. to

B. in

C. from

D. at

3. Households pollute water sources by ………….. waste into ponds, lakes, and rivers.
A. damaging

B. dumping

C. losing

D. leading

4. This month’s electricity bill is too high ………….. the air conditioner is turned on all
the time.
A. since

B. due to

C. although

D. because of

5. The government has come ………….. a solution to the water problems of the city.
A. up to

B. up with

C. to with

D. on to

6. All the aquatic plants and animals will die if the factory ………….. dumping poison
into the lake.
A. will keep

B. to keep

C. kept

D. keeps

7. A lot of fish has died recently because of the ………….. water in this lake.
A. contaminating

B. contaminated

C. contaminate

D. contaminant

8. If the air was clean, we ………….. have to wear masks when going out.
A. wouldn’

B. won’t

C. would

D. will

9. If I ………….. you, I ………….. water from that dirty tap.
A. am - will drink

B. am - won’t drink

C. were - would drink

D. were - wouldn’t drink

10. If he ………….. trash around his garden, the garden would look very nice now.
A. will throw

B. would throw

VI Put the verbs into the correct forms.

C. didn’t throw

D. doesn’t throw

1. If people (be) ………………. fully aware of the dangers of air pollution, they
(damage) ………………. the atmosphere this way.
2. If I (be) ………………. you, I (turn) ………………. the volume down for him to
sleep.
3. We (not be) ………………. able to drink that water if it is not refined.
4. If you (reduce) ………………. the number of bulbs in your house, you (pay)
………………. less money for the electricity bill next month.
5. If many animals and plants die, it (unbalance) ………………. our ecosystem.
VII Fill in the blank with the correct form of the given word.
1. Many people don’t know about the ………………. of soil pollution.

dangerous

2. The river is seriously ……………….by the factory’s waste.

contaminate

3. High blood ……………….can be brought about by noise pollution.

press

4. The water color can show us how……………….the river is.

pollute

5. A lot of ……………….fish are floating on the surface of the lake.

die

VIII Find one mistake in each sentence and correct it.
1. Constant exposure to noise pollution will lead in the loss of hearing
A

B

C

D

2. Because of we turned on a lot of bulbs, our eyes got strained.
A

B

C

.....................

D

3. If he reads this article, I guess that he would never do any
A

B

.....................

.....................

C

harms to environment any more.
D
4. The local citizens would be very happy if they were supplied with a
A

B

C

.....................

D

clean water.
5. If the environment were not polluted, birds wouldn’t leave
A

.....................

B

their habitats and plants would die.
C

D

C. READING
IX Read the passage.
There are three main (1) ……………… of pollution: air pollution, water pollution
and noise pollution. Air, which is the most important element of our environment for our
(2) ……………………, can be polluted in many ways. Smoke in the air from mills,
factories and industry (3) …………………… carbon, monoxide, carbon dioxide, and
methane, which are all poisonous gases. This leads (4) …………………… health
problems like asthma and lung diseases, and the thinning of the ozone layer, which (5)
…………………… us from harmful UV ray. China, the USA, Russia, India, Mexico and
Japan are the world leaders in air pollution (6) …………………… Water is also polluted
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by the discharge of commercial and industrial waste. Sewage in drinking water is another
(7) …………………… of water pollution as it contains germs and viruses. The noise of
vehicles, mills, and factories can be really unbearable. This kind of constant sound also
(8) ……………… headaches, tension, (9) ……..………… stress and migraines. People
living next to a building site where there is too much noise can become sick, as they can
not sleep or relax. This is (10) …………………… noise pollution.
1
1

Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D).

1. A. types

B. kinds

C. models

D. both A & B

2. A. survival

B. survive

C. surviving

D. survived

3. A. includes

B. include

C. contains

D. contain

4. A. in

B. into

C. to

D. from

5. A. prevents

B. protects

C. avoids

D. hides

6. A. emissions

B. emitted

C. emission

D. emitting

7. A. effect

B. cause

C. result

D. consequence

8. A. causes

B. leads to

C. results in

D. all are correct

9. A. brain

B. mind

C. head

D. mental

10. A. told

B. called

C. said

D. mentioned

2
1

Answer the questions below.

1. What are the examples of health problems caused by air pollution?
....................................................................................................................................
2. Why is sewage in drinking water another cause of water pollution?
....................................................................................................................................
3. What does the writer says about the noise of vehicles, mills and factories?
....................................................................................................................................
X Read the passage. Answer the questions below.
Scientists have discovered that the ozone layer is getting
thinner. Some predict that the sun’s rays will cause a sharp
increase in deaths from skin cancer over the next fifty years.
These harmful rays can also damage the eyes, create wrinkles,
and cause other health problems.
The stratosphere contains a form of oxygen called ozone. Ozone is a molecule composed
of three oxygen atoms. The chemical formula of ozone is 03. Oxygen molecules make up
about 21% of all gases in the Earth’s atmosphere. They consist of two atoms of oxygen and
are labeled 02. Most ozone found in our atmosphere is formed by an interaction between
oxygen molecules and ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the sun. When ultraviolet radiation hits
an oxygen molecule, it may cause the molecule to break apart into single atoms of oxygen.
These single atoms are very reactive, and a single oxygen atom can combine with a molecule
of oxygen to form ozone.
1. What do people say about the rate of deaths from skin cancer in the future?

..........................................................................................................................................
2. How many oxygen atoms are there in a molecule?
..........................................................................................................................................
3. What elements participate in the formation process of ozone?
..........................................................................................................................................
4. What happens when an oxygen molecule and an ultraviolet radiation hit each other?
..........................................................................................................................................
5. What is the feature of single atoms?
..........................................................................................................................................

D. SPEAKING
XI Work in groups of four. List different kinds of pollution in the boxes below.

Now discuss with your partners to find out the effects of pollution on people and on
environment. Use the pictures below as suggestions.

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

F
Write in the columns below:
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On people
Effects of population
On environment
XII Now make a mini presentation about different kinds of pollution, their negative
effects on environment and people, and solutions to those problems.
You should base on the suggestions below:
-

How many types of pollution are there?

-

How are they defined?

-

What effects does each type of pollution have on environment and on people?

-

How does it have the effects that way? Explain in details.

-

How should we solve the problems?

E. LISTENING
XIII Work in groups of 3 or 4. Discuss the questions below.
1. Is the environment where you study/work and live polluted?
2. What means of transport do you use?
3. Is the reason of using that/those means of transport related to environment?
4. In terms of using means of transport, what can people do to better our environment?
XIV 1. Listen to Harry, Olivia, Magda and Carlos talking about environment issues.
Decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. Tony did Magda’s job while Magda was sick.

..................

2. Harry rode his bicycle to the cafe.

..................

3. Harry usually drives to the football pitch.

..................

4. The traffic in London is good, and cheap.

..................

5. Johnny doesn’t like travelling by bicycle.

..................

2. Listen again. Answer the questions below.
1. What does Henry think about Carlos as a waiter?

..............................

2. Did Harry park his car near or far from the cafe?

..............................

3. What kind of sport does Henry play?

..............................

4. How often does he play it?

..............................

5. What means of transport does Magda always use?

..............................

F. WRITING
XV Rewrite the following sentences based on the given words.
1. People don’t care much about environment, so they keep making it worse.
→ If people ..........................................................................................................................

2. She suffered from a serious disease because of drinking contaminated water in a long
time.
→ Since ................................................................................................................................
3. The drainage system is damaged. There is not enough water for the crop.
→ If the drainage system .....................................................................................................
4. “Why don’t you turn off more lights in the house to reduce your eyestrain?”
→ If I ....................................................................................................................................
5. The improvements of the public transport system will encourage more people to use
it.
→ If ......................................................................................................................................
XVI Are you concerned about noise pollution? Write a paragraph (100-120 words)
about its causes, effects and solutions for this pollution problem.
You should base on the suggestions below:
- What is noise pollution?
- How common is it now?
- What causes it?
- What are its effects?
- What should we do to solve it?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................

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pp

Unit

8

English Speaking Countries

A. PHONETICS
I Find the word which has a different sound in the underlined part.
1. A. ideal

B. item

C. idiom

D. identical

2. A. valentine

B. imagine

C. magazine

D. discipline

3. A. knowledge

B. flower

C. coward

D. shower

4. A. community

B. common

C. command

D. complete

5. A. famine

B. determine

C. miner

D. examine

II Find the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. guarantee

B. cheetah

C. Japanese

D. pioneer

2. A. Polish

B. Canada

C. China

D. Chinese

3. A. national

B. iconic

C. Japan

D. Korean

4. A. Portuguese

B. Japanese

C. Malaysian

D. Indonesian

5. A. Chinese

B. Finnish

C. English

D. Spanish

B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
III Reorder the letters to make words and phrases that refer to national icons of some
countries. Then match them with the countries.
1. NGKROOAA

………………….............

A. Singapore

2. OLUST

………………….............

B. Somalia

3. LIMEONR

………………….............

C. Scotland

4. LPADEOR

………………….............

D. Australia

5. ELHNTEPA

………………….............

E. Vietnam

6. ABDL ELEAG

………………….............

F. Thailand

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7. KTIL

………………….............

G. United States

IV Complete the sentences with words/ phrases from the box.
English-speaking countries

official languages

communication breakdowns

foreign language

culture shocks

native speakers

1. The English language has approximately 400 million ………………. worldwide.
2. Despite having two different ………………., Canada has the third largest English
speaking population.
3. The United States, Australia are two ……………….
4. In Vietnam, English is now still a ………………. although many Vietnamese people
can speak it.
5. People usually encounter ………………. in the first time being in a foreign country.
6. The differences in cultures and languages are the primary causes for ……………….
V Choose the best answer (A, B, c or D).
1. I find it hard to understand that foreigner because of his ……………….
A. voice

B. sound

C. accent

D. volume

2. Kangaroos and ………………. are the iconic animals of Australia.
A. beaver

B. koala

C. eagle

D. cheetah

3. Coming to New Zealand, you will be surprised by its many ………………. views.
A. breath-taking

B. taking-breath

C. breath-take

D. take-breath

4. The Statue of Liberty in Upper New York Bay of America ……………. the freedom.
A. presents

B. shows

C. symbolizes

D. reveals

5. Singapore is an ideal destination for worldwide visitors because of its many ……….
A. tour attractions

B. attraction tours

C. attractive tours

D. tourist attractions

6. Some beauty spots in this city ………………. reconstructed to attract more visitors.
A. has been

B. have been

C. will have

D. will been

7. The Louvre Museum ………………. from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. every day except Tuesday
and Wednesday.
A. opens

B. open

C. will open

D. will be open

8. They ………………. to New York to join the Fashion show next week.
A. will fly

B. will be flying

C. flies

D. fly

9. This annual festival ………………. at the end of the March.
A. will hold

B. will be held

C. holds

D. is held

10. I ………………. Sydney Harbour twice, so this time I think I ………………. to a
different place.
A. have visited - will go

B. have visited - will be going

C. visited - will go

D. visited - will be going

VI Put the verbs into the correct present tenses.
1. The bus for the excursion to the farm (leave)………………. at 8.30 a.m. tomorrow.
2. We (visit) ……………. Edinburgh twice, but we (visit) …………… it again in 2018.
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3. The educational campaign about recycling (take place) ………………. at 9.30 a.m. in
front of the local stadium.
4. There is no need to hurry. The concert (last) ………………. 2 hours and we will still
have a plenty of time to enjoy it.
5. Great! I (win) ………………. a trip to Singapore.
VII Fill in the blank with the correct form of the given word.
1. The maple tree is one of the most ………………. images of Canada.

icon

2. Visiting New Zealand, you will have a chance to see a lot of scenery
………………. landscapes.
3. English is the ………………. language of many countries in the world. office
4. Scotland is very famous to the world for its rich culture as well as its nature
………………. beauty.
5. The castle looks as charming as a lady with ………………. beauty.

end

VIII Find the mistake and correct it.
1. Please show upon time because the ceremony will start at
A

B

........................

C

6.45 p.m. with a number of distinguished guests.
D
2. When I reached the peak of the mountain, I could see how beauty
A

B

C

........................

D

everything was.
3. The US is among the most developed speaking English countries
A

B

C

........................

D

in the world.
4. When go travelling, I like to explore the typical activities of local
A

B

........................

C

people the most.
D
5. I visited 6 foreign countries so far, but only 2 out of them are
A

B

C

........................

D

English - speaking countries.

C. READING
IX Read the passage. Fill in the gap with a suitable word.
Though I have experienced great success and enjoyment from languages other (1)
……………… English, whether we like it or not, English is the (2) ……………… useful
language in the world. We may wish that Russian, French or Chinese were the international
language, but the real situation is that wherever you go in the world, the (3) ………………
language is English. This is true even if you (4) ……………… in a country where (5)
……………… is not an English- speaking person for many thousands of kilometres in any
direction. Today we live in a very connected world, so that even if you live in an isolated (6)
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