16 bài tập đột quá tư duy đọc hiểu ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPTQG môn tiếng Anh năm 2022

Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group 16 BÀI TẬP ĐỘT PHÁ TƯ DUY ĐỌC HIỂU PASSAGE 01 ►Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer shect to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 10. Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming, Scientists have already observerd shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures. With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountantop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther to go. Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extiction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear. Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to "bleach", a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification furter stresses ocean ecosystems. (Đề thi tiếng Anh kì thi THPT quốc gia 2015) Question 1: Scionlists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flowers to _________. A. die instantly B. bloom earlier C, become lighter D. lose color Question 2: According to paragraph 2, when their habitats grow warmer, animali tend to move ________. https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group A. south - eastwards and down mountainsides toward lower elevations. B. north - westwards and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. C. toward the North Pole and down mountainsides toward lower elevations. D. toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Question 3: The pronoun "those" in paragraph 2 refers to ________. A. species B. ecosystems C. habitats D. areas Question 4: The phrase "dwindling sea ice" in paragraph 2 refers to _______. A. the frozen water in the Artie. B.the violent Arctic Ocean. C. the melting ice in the Arctic. D.the cold ice in the Arctic. Question 5: It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celcius degrees, ________. A. half of the earth's surface would be flooded. B. the sea level would rise by 20 centimeters. C. water supply would decrease by 50 percent. D. 20 to 50 percent of species could become extinct. Question 6: According to the passage, if some species are not able to adjust quickly to warmer temperatures, _______. A. they may be endangered B.they can begin to develop C. they will certainly need water. D.they move to tropical forests. Question 7: The word “fragile” in paragraph 4 most probably means______. A. very large B. easily damaged C. rather strong D. pretty hard Question 8: The bleaching of coral reefs as mentioned in paragraph 4 indicates ________. A. the water absorption of coral reefs. C. the blooming phase of sea weeds. B.the quick growth of marine mammals. D.the slow death of coral reefs. Question 9: The level of acidity in the ocean is increased by _______. A. the rising amount of carbon dioxide entering the ocean. B. the decrease of acidity of the pole waters. C. the extinction of species in coastal areas. D. the lose of acidity in the atmosphere around the earth. Question 10: What does the passage mainly discuss? A. Influence of climate changes on human lifestyles. B. Effects of global warming on animals and plants. https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group C. Global warming and possible solutions D. Global warming and species migration. ĐÁP ÁN PASSAGE 01 Question 1: Scientists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flower to _______. Thông tin ở 2 câu đầu tiên: Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming, Scientists have already observerd shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Các nhà khoa học thấy rằng nhiệt độ ấm hơn vào mùa xuân khiến cho các loài hoa: => B. bloom earlier (nở sớm hơn) Question 2: According to paragraph 2, when their habitats grow warmer, animals tend to move _______. Thông tin ở câu đầu đoạn 2: With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Khi môi trường sống của chúng trở nên ấm hơn, động vật có xu hướng di chuyển tới: => D. toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations, (về phía các cực và lên các triền núi tới những nơi cao hơn.) Question 3: Thông tin ở dòng 5-6 của đoạn 2: Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. => A. species Question 4: For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther to go. https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group "dwindling sea ice" có thể đoán trong tình huống này là sự giảm dấn bẵng trên biển Bắc Cưc do ảnh hưởng của sự nóng lên toàn cẩu. => C. the melting ice in the Arctic. Question 5: It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celcius degrees. Thông tin ở dòng 2-3 đoạn 3: Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extiction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. Nếu nhiệt độ toàn cầu tăng thêm 2 hoặc 3 độ C: => D. 20 to 50 percent of species could become extinct. (20 đến 50% các loài có thể tuyệt chủng) Question 6: According to the passage, if some species are not able to adjust quickly to warmer temparatures. Thông tin ở câu cuối đoạn 3: Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickiy enough and may disappear. Nếu một vài loài khổng thể thích nghi nhanh với nhiệt độ nóng lên. => A. they may be endangered (chứng có thế gặp nguy hiểm) Question 7: "fragile": easily broken or damaged (theo từ điển Oxford learners'dictionaries) A. very large: rất lớn, rộng lớn B. easily broken: mỏng manh, yếu ớt, dễ bị phá hủy C. rather strong: khỏe D. pretty hard: khá khó => B Questions 8: The bleaching of coral reefs as mentioned in paragraph 4 indicates. Thông tin ở câu 2 đoạn 4: Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to "bleach", a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. => D. the slow death of coral reefs, (cái chết từ từ của những rặng san hô) Question 9: https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group The level of acidity in the ocean is increased by Thông tin ở dòng 5-6 đoạn 4: Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters => A. the rising amount of carbon dioxide entering the ocean. (Sự tăng lượng khí C0 2 trong không khí ảnh hưởng đến đại dương và tăng nồng độ axit trong nước.) Question 10: A. Ảnh hưởng của biến đối khí hậu đối với phong cách sống của con người. B. Những tác động của sự nóng lên toàn cầu đối với động thực vật C. Sự nóng lên toàn cầu và những giải pháp. D. Sự nóng lên toàn cầu và sự di cư của các loài. Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming. With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Bài viết chủ yếu đề cập đến các ảnh hưởng của sự nóng lên toàn cầu đối với động vật và thực vật. => B đúng https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group Vocabulary - to escape from smt (v): thoát khỏi đâu - lifecycle (n): vòng đời - to bloorn (v): nở hoa - to hatch (v): sinh, đẻ - elevation (n): độ cao so với mực nước biển - habitat (n): môi trường sống - ecosystem (n): hệ sinh thái - dwindle (v): thoái hóa, suy đi/ nhỏ lại, thu lại, teo đi - magnitude (n): lượng, tầm lớn, độ lớn - fragile (adj): mỏng manh, dễ bị tổn thương, dễ bị phá hủy - coral reefs (n): rặng san hô - to bleach (v): làm chuội đi, biến mất đi - acidity (n): tính a xít - acidification (n): sự a xít hóa PASSAGE 02 ►Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 10. Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group put stress on available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported o a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor - intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food. In developed countries such as the United States, Japan and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large - scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas. A country's level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world's highest population densities, with 1,147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low - productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country's extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high - tech indutries, however, are therefore have high standards of living. At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub - Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming, these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United States has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world's weathiest nations. High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the goverments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, for farming planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For all those reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth. (Đề thi tiếng Anh kì thi THPT quốc gia 2015) Question 1: Which of tho following is given as a definition of paragraph 1? A. Overpopulation B. Population density C. Simple farming D. Poverty Question 2: What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities? A. Availabe resources B. Skilled labor C. Farming methods D. Land area Question 3: The phrase "that number" in paragraph 1 refers to the number of______ A. people B. densities c. resources https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net D. countries Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group Question 4: In certain countries, large areas of land can only yeild small amounts of food because ______. A. there is lack of mechanization B. there are small numbers of laborers C. there is an abundance of resources D. there is no shortage of skilled labor. Question 5: Bangladesh is a country where the level of poverty depends greatly on ______, A. its population density only B. both population density and agricultural productivity C. population density in metropolitan areas. D. its high agricultural productivity. Question 6: The phrase "engage in" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______. A. escape from B. look into c. give up D. participate in Question 7: The word "infertile" in paragraph 4 probably means ________. A. disused B. impossible c. unproductive D. inaccessible Question 8: Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage? A. In certain developed countries, mechanized farming is applied. B. In sub - Saharan African countries, productivity is boosted by technology, C. There is no connection between a country's culture and overpopulation. D. All small countries in Western Europe have high population densities. Question 9: Which of the following is a contributor to overpopulation in many developing countries? A. High - tech facilities B. Economic resources C. Sufficient financial support D. High birth rates Question 10: Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A. High Birth Rate and its Consequesces. B. Overpopulation: A cause of poverty. C. Overpopulation: A worldwide problem. D. Poverty in Developing Countries. ĐÁP ÁN PASSAGE 02 Question 1: Which ot the following is given as a definition of paragraph I? https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result trom high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, arid gathering, ... Trong đoạn 1, “overpopulation" là từ duy nhất được định nghĩa (Quá tải dân số, tình trạng số lượng người quá lớn so với quá ít nguồn tài nguyên và quá ít nơi sinh sống) => A. Overpopulation Question 2: What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities? Thông tin ở cầu 3 của đoạn 1: Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. => A. Availabe resources Question 3: Only a certain number of people can be supported o a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. that number <=> a certain number of people => A. people Question 4: In certain countries, large areas of land can only yeild small amounts of food because: Thông tin ở câu cuối đoạn 1: In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor - intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food (Ở những nước nơi con người chủ yếu sống bằng những phương pháp trồng trọt, sản bắn... đơn giản, những vùng đất rộng chỉ đủ nuôi sống được ít người bởi việc canh tác chủ yếu bằng sức người chỉ cung cấp một lượng nhỏ thức ăn. => A. there is lack of mechanization (thiếu sự cơ khí hóa nông nghiệp) Question 5: Bangladesh is a country where the level of poverty depends greatly on … Thông tin ở câu 2 đoạn 3: A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with 1,147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group in low - productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country's extremely high level of poverty. => B. both population density and agricultural productivity (Sự đói nghèo phụ thuộc vào cả mật độ dân số và hiệu suất nông nghiệp) Question 6: engage in: to take part in something (theo Từ điển Oxford Learners' Dictionaries) (tham gia vào cái gì) A. escape from smt: trốn thoát khỏi đâu B. look into: điều tra, xem xét cái gì kĩ càng C. give up: từ bỏ D. participate in: tham gia vào => D Question 7: infertile: (of land) not able to produce good crops (theo Từ điển Oxford learners'dictionaries) (không thể tạo ra mùa màng bội thu, không màu mỡ) A. disused: không được sử dụng B. impossible: không thể C. unproductive: khóng có hiệu quả D. inaccessible: không thể tiếp cận được => C đúng Questions 8: A. In certain developed countries, mechanized farming is applied. (đúng) In developed countries such as the United States, Japan and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, ... B. in sub - Saharan African countries, productivity is boosted by technology. (sai) At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub - Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming, these countỉies also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. C. There ís no connection between a country's culture and overpopulation. (sai) High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families. D. All small countries in Western Europe have high population densities. (sai) https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net